During menopause, the body undergoes significant hormonal changes, particularly with regard to estrogen and progesterone. These two key hormones play vital roles in regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining various functions in the body. As the ovaries stop producing these hormones, the body adjusts to lower levels, leading to many of the symptoms commonly associated with menopause.
Estrogen, which helps control reproductive processes, also supports other functions such as bone health, heart health, and skin elasticity. Progesterone, meanwhile, plays a role in balancing estrogen and maintaining a regular menstrual cycle. When these hormones decline during menopause, the effects ripple across various systems in the body.
I don’t want to make these posts too long, so I will make this a 3 part series.
The role of estrogen
Estrogen plays a crucial role in the body beyond reproduction, affecting both physical and non-physical aspects of health. As estrogen levels decline during menopause, several changes occur.
Physical Changes
Bone Health: Estrogen helps maintain bone density, so its decrease can lead to a loss of bone mass, increasing the risk of osteoporosis.
Heart Health: Estrogen supports cardiovascular function by protecting blood vessels and regulating cholesterol levels. Lower estrogen levels can raise the risk of heart disease.
Skin and Hair: Estrogen keeps skin elastic and hair healthy. With reduced estrogen, women often experience dry skin, thinning hair, and sometimes brittle nails.
Cognitive Changes
Cognitive Function: Estrogen is involved in brain function, including memory and cognitive clarity. Some women may notice increased forgetfulness or difficulty concentrating during menopause.
Mood Regulation: Estrogen impacts neurotransmitters like serotonin, which help regulate mood. As estrogen declines, you may experience mood swings, irritability, or increased anxiety.